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Critical Theory

Structural Approach

Marxist Critical Theory

Social Cultural Approach

Cultural Studies

Semiotic
I. Critical Theory
Critical social science. Three essential features of critical social science:
1. Critical social scientists believe it necessary to understand the lived experience of real people in context.
2. Critical approaches examine social condition and uncover oppressive power arrangements.
3. Critical social science makes a conscious attempt to fuse theory and action.
Critical theories in communication field are so broad so to make it simpler, Dennis Mumby provides a simple and clear scheme that useful for sorting out this problem. Mumby classifies communication scholarship into two broads groups—modern and postmodern. He presents four “discursive positions”;
• Discourse of representation or modernism (positivist).
• Discourse of understanding or interpretative modernism.
• Discourse of suspicion or critical modernism.
• Discourse of vulnerability or postmodernism.
II. Structural Approach

III. Marxist Critical Theory

IV. Social Cultural Approach

V. Cultural Studies

VI. Semiotic